How Does Pharmacogenomics Strengthen Healthcare?

The pharmacogenomics industry has garnered $5,527.2 million revenue in 2021, and it is projected to generate $10,505.3 million revenue, advancing at a rate of 7.4% in the coming future.

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Pharmacogenomics can be defined as the study of the genes that affect an individual’s response to drugs. It is combined of pharmacology and genomics, which involves developing effective safe medications relying on the genetic makeup of the person. 

Pharmacogenomics focuses on tailoring medical treatment for each person or group of people. It shows how DNA affects the individuals’ response to drugs. In several cases, DNA can affect whether the drug is ineffective, or have a bad reaction to the drug, or gives no effect. 

Pharmacogenomics can help in enhancing health by giving you prior knowledge on the effect of the drug, and if it will be safe for intake. 

How Does Pharmacogenomics Function? 

Drugs interact with the body in various ways, relying on how the drug is taken, and where it will act in the body. After consuming the drug, the body requires to break it down and get it to the intended area. 

The DNA can impact various steps in this process to affect the response of the drug. Several examples of such interactions are provided below: 

Drug Receptors: Several drugs require to be attached to the proteins on the surface of cells, usually known as receptors to work effectively. Your DNA takes care of the types of receptors you have, and the number of receptors, that impacts the response to the drug. You may require a lower or higher drug amount than most people, or a different drug. 

Breast Cancer and T-DM1.: Several breast cancers form massive HER2, and the excess of HER2 makes cancer propel and spread. T-DM1, the drug can help in treating breast cancer, as it attaches HER2 on cancerous cells, and destroys them. If you are suffering from breast cancer, then you need to get the sample of the tumor tested, to determine if T-DM1 can provide the appropriate treatment. 

Drug Uptake: It requires taking several drugs actively into the cells and tissues, in which they act. DNA can impact the uptake of several drugs. The decreased uptake could mean that it does not work effectively, and it may cause build-up in the other parts of the body. The quick removal of these drugs from cells may result in not having time to act. 

Drug Breakdown: The DNA impacts how the body breaks down the drug. If a drug breaks down more quickly compare to other people, the body gets relieved from the drug early and may require more of it or a different drug. If the body breaks down the drug slowly, then you require less drug. 

The major players operating in the industry include:

1- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.

2- Mesa Laboratories Inc.

3- QIAGEN N.V.

4- Abbott Laboratories

5- Laboratory Corporation of American Holdings

6- Exact Sciences Corporation. 

Therefore, pharmacology poses great prominence in treating various diseases and disorders depending on the response of a person’s DNA to drugs.